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The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
7
Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
8
Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
9
Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
10
Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
11
And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
7
Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
8
Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
9
Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
10
Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
11
And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
| Type: | Multiple choice |
| Points: | 1 |
| Randomize answers: | No |
Question 2
1
The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
7
Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
8
Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
9
Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
10
Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
11
And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
2. What happened after Dr. Roentgen saw something out of the corner of his eye?
The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
7
Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
8
Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
9
Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
10
Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
11
And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
2. What happened after Dr. Roentgen saw something out of the corner of his eye?
| Type: | Multiple choice |
| Points: | 1 |
| Randomize answers: | Yes |
Question 3
1
The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
7
Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
8
Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
9
Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
10
Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
11
And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
3. What was the last item Dr. Roentgen experimented with before discovering x-rays?
The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
7
Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
8
Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
9
Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
10
Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
11
And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
3. What was the last item Dr. Roentgen experimented with before discovering x-rays?
| Type: | Multiple choice |
| Points: | 1 |
| Randomize answers: | Yes |
Question 4
1
The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
7
Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
8
Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
9
Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
10
Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
11
And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
4. Which of these statements is the main idea of "Bone Shadows"?
The discovery of the x-ray let doctors "see" inside the body. As this passage tells, it signaled a new medical era in medical care. Read this passage and answer the questions that follow. Bone Shadows by Carla Killough McClafferty
It was November 1895. Dr. Wilhelm Roentgen, working alone in his laboratory, was conducting an experiment that involved passing electric current through a glass tube from which the air had been pumped out. Scientists had discovered that the device, called a Crookes tube, produced a beam of flowing electrons, or cathode ray, which made the tube glow. To further study cathode rays, Roentgen had darkened the room and wrapped the Crookes tube in black cardboard. Then he turned on the electricity.
2
No light escaped through the cardboard as the current ran through the covered tube, but out of the corner of his eye, Roentgen detected a strange yellowish green glow in the darkness. It came from a sheet of paper on his workbench that had been coated with a fluorescent chemical.
3
Roentgen was surprised and curious. He turned the electricity on and off to make sure the paper's glow was caused by the Crookes tube. Some sort of energy was passing from the tube and through the cardboard to make the paper glow. He picked up a sheet of writing paper and put it between the tube and the coated page. The coated paper still glowed as if nothing were in front of it. Then he placed a thick book in front of the coated paper. The glow was a bit dimmer, but it was still there.
4
Roentgen tried everything he could get his hands on: playing cards, foil, wood, rubber, glass, water, and aluminum. No matter what he put between the tube and the coated paper, the paper glowed — sometimes a little less than others, but it always glowed.
5
Finally, he held a piece of lead in front of the coated paper. The area of the paper behind the lead no longer glowed. As he held the lead between his fingers, studying the shadow it cast on the paper, he saw something that no one had ever seen before. He saw the finger bones of his own skeleton.
6
The Crookes tube was emittinga new kind of invisible ray powerful enough to pass through his flesh and cast a shadow of his bones on the paper. Roentgen didn't know what the mysterious ray could be, so he called it the x-ray, because x is the mathematical symbol for the unknown.
The Unknown X
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Today, having an x-ray is routine. If you've ever broken a bone, you've certainly had an x-ray. And your dentist probably x-rays your teeth regularly to make sure you have no cavities. But when Roentgen first showed his wife an x-ray of her hand, she was horrified. Seeing the bones of her own hand, including the eerie shadow of her wedding ring, made her feel she might be close to death.
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Others who heard about x-rays were confused and frightened, too. Word spread that x-rays could go through clothing, so people worried that others might use x-ray cameras or glasses to look at them as they walked down the street. Some people wondered if x-rays could be used by schools to place facts into the minds of students. The public didn't understand at the time that using x-rays in these ways was impossible.
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Despite their fears, people were drawn to x-ray images and many flocked to have "bone portraits" made at new x-ray studios. Doctors quickly realized the value of the wonderful new x-ray machines. Before Roentgen's discovery, doctors could not "see" inside the body unless they performed surgery. If a doctor suspected a patient had a broken bone, he pressed on the injured part, which could be very painful, then gave his best guess as to whether the bone was broken. X-rays also took the guesswork out of locating foreign objects. One early x-ray helped doctors locate and safely remove a nail swallowed by a child. Chest x-rays helped doctors to identify patients with tuberculosis, a dreaded lung disease of the time.
A Camera inside Your Body
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Roentgen's discovery remains important to medicine, but other methods to see inside the body have been developed that don't use x-rays at all. Expectant mothers have sonograms, which use highfrequency sound waves to safely show the growing baby inside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnet instead of x-rays to create images of the patient.
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And if you really want to get an in-depth look, there's PillCam, a tiny camera in the shape of a large pill that you swallow. PillCam looks at the inside of your body fromthe inside of your body. As it travels through the digestive system, it takes snapshots of the journey, sort of like a tourist on vacation. In eight hours, it transmits about 50,000 images to a recorder, which doctors play back like a video. PillCam is especially valuable for viewing diseases in the long, winding tube called your small intestine.
4. Which of these statements is the main idea of "Bone Shadows"?
| Type: | Multiple choice |
| Points: | 1 |
| Randomize answers: | Yes |
Question 5
Read the fable titled "Emancipation: A Life Fable." Then answer the questions. Emancipation: A Life Fable by Kate Chopin
1
There was once an animal born into this world, and opening his eyes upon Life, he saw above and about him confining walls, and before him were bars of iron through which came air and light from without; this animal was born in a cage.
2
Here he grew, and throve in strength and beauty under the care of an invisible protecting hand. 1 Hungering, food was ever at hand. When he thirsted water was brought, and when he felt the need to rest, there was provided a bed of straw upon which to lie; and here he found it good, licking his handsome flanks, to bask in the sun beam that he thought existed but to lighten his home.
3
Awaking one day from his slothful rest, lo! the door of his cage stood open: accident had opened it. In the corner he crouched, wondering and fearingly. Then slowly did he approach the door, dreading the unaccustomed, and would have closed it, but for such a task his limbs were purposeless. So out the opening he thrust his head, to see the canopy of the sky grow broader, and the world waxing wider.
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Back to his corner but not to rest, for the spell of the Unknown was over him, and again and again he goes to the open door, seeing each time more Light.
5
Then one time standing in the flood of it; a deep in-drawn breath – a bracing of strong limbs, and with a bound he was gone.
6
On he rushes, in his mad flight, heedless that he is wounding and tearing his sleek sides – seeing, smelling, touching of all things; even stopping to put his lips to the noxious pool, thinking it may be 2 sweet.
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Hungering there is no food but such as he must seek and ofttimes fight for; and his limbs are weighted before he reaches the water that is good to his thirsting throat.
8
So does he live, seeking, finding, joying and suffering. The door which accident had opened is opened still, but the cage remains forever empty!
Emancipation: A Life Fable by Kate Chopin circa 1892-1898
1 throve - grew up well
2 noxious- harmful
5. The following question has two parts. Answer Part A and then answer Part B. (Part A)
Read the phrase from paragraph 1 of "Emancipation: A Life Fable." As used in paragraph 1, what does the word "confining" suggest about the walls?
1
There was once an animal born into this world, and opening his eyes upon Life, he saw above and about him confining walls, and before him were bars of iron through which came air and light from without; this animal was born in a cage.
2
Here he grew, and throve in strength and beauty under the care of an invisible protecting hand. 1 Hungering, food was ever at hand. When he thirsted water was brought, and when he felt the need to rest, there was provided a bed of straw upon which to lie; and here he found it good, licking his handsome flanks, to bask in the sun beam that he thought existed but to lighten his home.
3
Awaking one day from his slothful rest, lo! the door of his cage stood open: accident had opened it. In the corner he crouched, wondering and fearingly. Then slowly did he approach the door, dreading the unaccustomed, and would have closed it, but for such a task his limbs were purposeless. So out the opening he thrust his head, to see the canopy of the sky grow broader, and the world waxing wider.
4
Back to his corner but not to rest, for the spell of the Unknown was over him, and again and again he goes to the open door, seeing each time more Light.
5
Then one time standing in the flood of it; a deep in-drawn breath – a bracing of strong limbs, and with a bound he was gone.
6
On he rushes, in his mad flight, heedless that he is wounding and tearing his sleek sides – seeing, smelling, touching of all things; even stopping to put his lips to the noxious pool, thinking it may be 2 sweet.
7
Hungering there is no food but such as he must seek and ofttimes fight for; and his limbs are weighted before he reaches the water that is good to his thirsting throat.
8
So does he live, seeking, finding, joying and suffering. The door which accident had opened is opened still, but the cage remains forever empty!
Emancipation: A Life Fable by Kate Chopin circa 1892-1898
1 throve - grew up well
2 noxious- harmful
5. The following question has two parts. Answer Part A and then answer Part B. (Part A)
Read the phrase from paragraph 1 of "Emancipation: A Life Fable." As used in paragraph 1, what does the word "confining" suggest about the walls?
| Type: | Multiple choice |
| Points: | 1 |
| Randomize answers: | Yes |